Maintaining proper hand hygiene is one of the simplest and most effective ways to reduce the spread of bacteria and other pathogens. Whether at home, in a clinical setting, or out in the community, consistent handwashing plays a vital role in protecting both individual and public health.
To support good hygiene practices, we’ve outlined essential guidance on when and how to wash your hands thoroughly.
When Should You Wash Your Hands?
Handwashing should be a regular part of your daily routine. It is especially important during the following activities:
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After returning home from outside
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After blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing
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Before and after preparing food
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Before eating or drinking
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After using the toilet
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After handling rubbish or waste
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After touching pets or animals
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After changing nappies or cleaning up after children
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Before and after caring for someone who is unwell
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Before and after treating cuts, wounds, or abrasions
With the increase in home deliveries and handling of external items, it's also recommended to wash your hands after receiving packages, grocery bags, or other handled goods. Likewise, hand hygiene is essential before and after visiting the pharmacy or handling any pharmaceutical products.
Steps for Effective Hand Washing
Proper handwashing is straightforward, but attention to detail is key to ensuring its effectiveness. Follow these steps:
1. Remove Jewellery and Accessories
Remove rings, watches, bracelets, and coverings like plasters or bandages, which can prevent thorough cleaning. These can be reapplied afterward.
2. Wet Hands and Apply Soap
Use warm or cold water to wet your hands, then apply liquid or bar soap generously.
3. Lather and Scrub – At Least 20 Seconds
Rub hands together to create a lather, covering all surfaces: backs of hands, between fingers, and under fingernails. Scrub for a minimum of 20 seconds.
4. Rinse Thoroughly
Rinse hands under clean running water while continuing to rub them together to remove all soap and loosened debris.
5. Dry Your Hands
Use a clean towel, disposable paper towel, or air dryer. Avoid shared or dirty towels, which can transfer bacteria.
When Water Isn't Available
In situations where handwashing facilities aren’t accessible, an alcohol-based hand sanitiser (minimum 60% alcohol) is a convenient and effective alternative. While not a complete substitute for soap and water, it can help reduce the presence of germs on your hands when you're on the go.